Luke 23:7

Καὶ ἐπιγνοὺς ὅτι ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου ἐστίν, ἀνέπεμψεν αὐτὸν πρὸς Ἡρῴδην, ὄντα καὶ αὐτὸν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐν ταύταις ταῖς ἡμέραις.

RBT Greek Interlinear:

Strongs 2532; kai; καὶ; and; Conj

Strongs 1921; epignous; ἐπιγνοὺς; he who has ascertained; V-APA-NMS

Strongs 3754; hoti; ὅτι; that; Conj

Strongs 1537; ek; ἐκ; from out; Prep

Strongs 3588; tēs; τῆς; the; Art-GFS

Strongs 1849; exousias; ἐξουσίας; authority; N-GFS

Strongs 2264; Hērōdou; Ἡρῴδου; of Herod; N-GMS

Strongs 1510; estin; ἐστὶν; is; V-PIA-3S

Strongs 375; anepempsen; ἀνέπεμψεν; he sent up; V-AIA-3S

Strongs 846; auton; αὐτὸν; himself; PPro-AM3S

Strongs 4314; pros; πρὸς; toward; Prep

Strongs 2264; Hērōdēn; Ἡρῴδην; Herod; N-AMS

Strongs 1510; onta; ὄντα; who is being; V-PPA-AMS

Strongs 2532; kai; καὶ; and; Conj

Strongs 846; auton; αὐτὸν; himself; PPro-AM3S

Strongs 1722; en; ἐν; within; Prep

Strongs 2414; Hierosolymois; Ἱεροσολύμοις; Foundation of Peace; N-DNP

Strongs 1722; en; ἐν; within; Prep

Strongs 3778; tautais; ταύταις; these; DPro-DFP

Strongs 3588; tais; ταῖς; the; Art-DFP

Strongs 2250; hēmerais; ἡμέραις; days; N-DFP

RBT Hebrew Literal:

To Send Upward

And he who has recognized that he is from out of the Authority of Hero-Form ("Herod"), he sent himself up toward Hero-Form, he who is being also himself within Foundations of Peace ("Jerusalems") within these ones, the Days.⁸⁵

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And having known that he is from Herod's authority, he sent him to Herod, he being in Jerusalem in those days.

LITV Translation:
And knowing that He is from Herod's jurisdiction, he sent Him up to Herod, he also being in Jerusalem in these days.

ESV Translation:
And when he learned that he belonged to Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him over to Herod, who was himself in Jerusalem at that time.

Footnotes

85

The primary and literal meaning of ἀναπέμπω (anapempō) is “to send up”—originally in a spatial or directional sense, often from a lower to a higher place. The verb is compounded from:

• ἀνά (ana) – “up,” “upward”

• πέμπω (pempō) – “to send”

Core semantic range:

1. Literal spatial use – e.g., sending or moving someone or something upward:

   • to higher ground (Xen. Cyr. 7.5.34)

   • from the coast inland, or toward a metropolis like Rome (Plb. 1.7.12)

   • in military, physical, or geographic contexts

2. Institutional/jurisdictional metaphor – From this concrete idea of "sending upward," it developed a figurative legal-administrative use:

   • “remit,” “refer to a higher authority,” especially judicially or politically

   • E.g., Luke 23:7,15: “Pilate sent him up to Herod”, reflecting this juridical protocol of referral to someone of higher or equivalent rank

   • Frequently seen in papyrological texts from the Hellenistic and Roman periods (PHib., PTeb., BGU, etc.)

3. Extended metaphorical uses:

   • Transmit (e.g., ideas, impressions)

   • Ascribe (e.g., attributing something upwards or to a higher source)

   • Trace back (e.g., genealogy—“send [a lineage] up toward someone”)

(cf. LSJ ἀναπέμπω)