δαιμονίζομαι “Demon Possessed” as “Fate Appointed”
This term in the NT translated traditionally as “possessed by demons” (Strong’s #1139) is a single word in the passive that means “fate appointed”:
The reference to Philémon (as cited in Stobaeus’ Eclogues, p. 196) regarding “δαιμονίζομαι” underscores a profound aspect of ancient Greek thought regarding human destiny and the influence of divine will (cf. Logeion δαιμονίζομαι).
In ancient Greek philosophy and literature, the concept of “δαιμόνιον” (daimonion) or “δαίμων” (daimon), often translated as “divine power” or “spirit,” played a crucial role in understanding human fate and agency. The term “δαιμονίζομαι” (to be subject to divine will/power) encapsulates this belief that individuals are not entirely masters of their own destinies but are rather subject to the overarching plan or design of the gods or divine forces.
- Divine Will and Destiny: The use of “δαιμονίζομαι” in this context suggests a passive acceptance or submission to the course of one’s life as determined by divine decree. It implies that human actions and outcomes are shaped by forces beyond mere mortal control, highlighting a belief in predestination or fate guided by divine providence.
- Philémon’s Perspective: Philémon, as referenced in Stobaeus’ Eclogues, explores this theme through philosophical discourse or dramatic dialogue. His writings would have reflected the prevailing views of his time, which often integrated divine intervention and fate into the fabric of human existence. This would evidently show how individuals were perceived as being “δαιμονίζομαι,” thus elucidating the interconnectedness of human life with cosmic order and divine purpose.
- Literary and Philosophical Context: In literature and philosophical dialogues of the ancient Greek world, discussions about “δαιμονίζομαι” would have no doubt sparked debate on the nature of free will versus determinism, the role of gods in human affairs, and the ethical implications of divine guidance. These discussions were not merely theological but also deeply philosophical, exploring the limits of human agency and the nature of virtue.
Overall, the use of “δαιμονίζομαι” in Philémon’s context reveals a worldview where individuals are seen as subjects of divine will and destined to fulfill roles within a broader cosmic framework. It reflects a belief system that acknowledges human limitations in controlling one’s destiny while emphasizing the role of divine guidance and providence in shaping the course of human life.
The overarching definition of these words and the idea behind “demonization” seems quite clear, that one is not in control of his or her own life but subjected to a divinely determined fate.